Make .gitignore ignore everything except a few files- Git .gitignore

Question

I understand that a .gitignore file cloaks specified files from Git's version control. I have a project (LaTeX) that generates lots of extra files (.auth, .dvi, .pdf, logs, etc) as it runs, but I don't want those to be tracked.

I'm aware that I could (maybe should) make it so all those files are put in an separate subfolder in the project, since I could then just ignore the folder.

However, is there any feasible way to keep the output files in the root of the project tree and use .gitignore to ignore everything except the files I'm tracking with Git? Something like

# Ignore everything

*

# But not these files...

script.pl

template.latex

# etc...

Answer 1

Yes, there is a feasible way to keep the output files in the root of the project tree and use .gitignore to ignore everything except the files you can track in git with

 

# Ignore everything

*

# But not these files...

!.gitignore

!script.pl

!template.latex

# etc...

# ...even if they are in subdirectories

!*/

# if the files to be tracked are in subdirectories

!*/a/b/file1.txt

!*/a/b/c/*

 An optional prefix ‘!’ which negates the pattern; any matching file excluded by a previous pattern will become included again.if a negated pattern matches then it will override lower precedence pattern.