Why does Spark fail with “Detected cartesian product for INNER join between logical plans”?

Question

I am using Spark 2.1.0.

When I execute the following code I'm getting an error from Spark. Why? How to fix it?

val i1 = Seq(("a", "string"), ("another", "string"), ("last", "one")).toDF("a", "b")
val i2 = Seq(("one", "string"), ("two", "strings")).toDF("a", "b")
val i1Idx = i1.withColumn("sourceId", lit(1))
val i2Idx = i2.withColumn("sourceId", lit(2))
val input = i1Idx.union(i2Idx)
val weights = Seq((1, 0.6), (2, 0.4)).toDF("sourceId", "weight")
weights.join(input, "sourceId").show

Error:

scala> weights.join(input, "sourceId").show
org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException: Detected cartesian product for INNER join between logical plans
Project [_1#34 AS sourceId#39, _2#35 AS weight#40]
+- Filter (((1 <=> _1#34) || (2 <=> _1#34)) && (_1#34 = 1))
   +- LocalRelation [_1#34, _2#35]
and
Union
:- Project [_1#0 AS a#5, _2#1 AS b#6]
:  +- LocalRelation [_1#0, _2#1]
+- Project [_1#10 AS a#15, _2#11 AS b#16]
   +- LocalRelation [_1#10, _2#11]
Join condition is missing or trivial.
Use the CROSS JOIN syntax to allow cartesian products between these relations.;
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.CheckCartesianProducts$$anonfun$apply$19.applyOrElse(Optimizer.scala:1011)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.CheckCartesianProducts$$anonfun$apply$19.applyOrElse(Optimizer.scala:1008)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$3.apply(TreeNode.scala:288)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$3.apply(TreeNode.scala:288)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.CurrentOrigin$.withOrigin(TreeNode.scala:70)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.transformDown(TreeNode.scala:287)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$transformDown$1.apply(TreeNode.scala:293)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$transformDown$1.apply(TreeNode.scala:293)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$5.apply(TreeNode.scala:331)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.mapProductIterator(TreeNode.scala:188)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.transformChildren(TreeNode.scala:329)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.transformDown(TreeNode.scala:293)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$transformDown$1.apply(TreeNode.scala:293)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$transformDown$1.apply(TreeNode.scala:293)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode$$anonfun$5.apply(TreeNode.scala:331)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.mapProductIterator(TreeNode.scala:188)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.transformChildren(TreeNode.scala:329)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.transformDown(TreeNode.scala:293)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.trees.TreeNode.transform(TreeNode.scala:277)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.CheckCartesianProducts.apply(Optimizer.scala:1008)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.optimizer.CheckCartesianProducts.apply(Optimizer.scala:993)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.RuleExecutor$$anonfun$execute$1$$anonfun$apply$1.apply(RuleExecutor.scala:85)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.RuleExecutor$$anonfun$execute$1$$anonfun$apply$1.apply(RuleExecutor.scala:82)
  at scala.collection.IndexedSeqOptimized$class.foldl(IndexedSeqOptimized.scala:57)
  at scala.collection.IndexedSeqOptimized$class.foldLeft(IndexedSeqOptimized.scala:66)
  at scala.collection.mutable.WrappedArray.foldLeft(WrappedArray.scala:35)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.RuleExecutor$$anonfun$execute$1.apply(RuleExecutor.scala:82)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.RuleExecutor$$anonfun$execute$1.apply(RuleExecutor.scala:74)
  at scala.collection.immutable.List.foreach(List.scala:381)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.rules.RuleExecutor.execute(RuleExecutor.scala:74)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecution.optimizedPlan$lzycompute(QueryExecution.scala:73)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecution.optimizedPlan(QueryExecution.scala:73)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecution.sparkPlan$lzycompute(QueryExecution.scala:79)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecution.sparkPlan(QueryExecution.scala:75)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecution.executedPlan$lzycompute(QueryExecution.scala:84)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecution.executedPlan(QueryExecution.scala:84)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.withTypedCallback(Dataset.scala:2791)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.head(Dataset.scala:2112)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.take(Dataset.scala:2327)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.showString(Dataset.scala:248)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.show(Dataset.scala:636)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.show(Dataset.scala:595)
  at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.show(Dataset.scala:604)
  ... 48 elided

Answer 1

Do one thing just trigger inner join after turning on the flag

spark.conf.set("spark.sql.crossJoin.enabled", "true")

You  may also use the cross join.

weights.crossJoin(input)

or set the Alias as

weights.join(input, input("sourceId")===weights("sourceId"), "cross")

This is an issue for your version of Spark but i guess it is fixed now.

But I would suggest you to 2.1.1, you won’t encounter any such issue here.