A) In the first phase, the objectives of the project and related data sources are determined by data scientists. This phase is critical to ensure goals are clear and a proper understanding of the problem exists.
B) Here, in the second phase, the methods are chosen, and the roadmap for analysis is established by the data scientist. The techniques to be adopted for modeling and data requirement have to be decided to properly address the problem.
C) Communication Building: It is not a traditional phase of Data Science. Even though results need to be communicated, "Communication Building" is not a phase in and of itself.
D) Operationalize: It is when the model goes to production so that it could be utilized in the real world. It helps the model function on real-time data and to give constant insights.