You need to build the docker file and then only you will get the container. You are trying to run the previously stopped container.
For building:
sudo docker build /home/ubuntu/devops/docker/apache/. -t <username>/bild
sudo docker run -it -p 82:80 -d <username>/build
This will run the container then you can use exec command to enter that container.
For more information, check out this Docker Tutorial.