Time Series is a series of data points where data is associated with time (years, days, hours, and minutes). Examples of time series are data related to economics, weather, stock price, sales, etc. R is more suitable for analysis of time series data because of the libraries such as forecast. This forecast package can be used for building time series models like exponential models, ARIMA models, etc.
If you want to learn Time series in R, I recommend these data scientist by Intellipaat. You can also learn machine learning algorithms along with hands-on exercises of Time series analysis in R.
You can watch this video on Time series analysis to know more about Time series and Time series analysis: