The most relevant one for data science is R.
R is one of the programming languages in a particular software environment made especially for statistical computing and graphical representations. This language has actually become the leader in data science mainly for the following reasons.
Extensive Statistical and Data Analysis Capabilities: R provides a wide range of statistical and data analysis functions, making it a powerful tool for tasks like regression analysis, time series analysis, clustering, and more.
It offers very strong data visualization capabilities; packages like ggplot2 can be used to generate high-quality, customized plots and charts.
Huge, Active Community: R boasts a large, active user and developer community contributing to its growth and development. This kind of huge and active community provides tremendous packages, libraries, and other resources to the data scientists.
Machine learning, deep learning, and data mining: R has one of the most complete ecosystems in packages for machine learning and deep learning and data mining applications. Open-source and free: R is an open-source language, meaning it is free and can be distributed and modified by the community to suit their needs.
While Java, Ruby, and other programming languages have strengths and use cases unique to each, R is perhaps the most important language for data science for its specialized capabilities as well as the depth of the ecosystem built around data science.