Goto is universally reviled in computer science and programming as they lead to unstructured code.
Python supports structured programming which controls flow using if/then/else, loop and subroutines.
The key to thinking in a structured way is to understand how and why you are branching on code.
For example, let's pretend Python had a goto and corresponding label statement shudder. Look at the following code. In it, if a number is greater than or equal to 0 we print if it
number = input()
if number < 0: goto negative
if number % 2 == 0:
print "even"
else:
print "odd"
goto end
label: negative
print "negative"
label: end
print "all done"
If we want to know when a piece of code is executed, we need to carefully traceback in the program and examine how a label was arrived at - which is something that can't really be done.
For example, we can rewrite the above as:
number = input()
goto check
label: negative
print "negative"
goto end
label: check
if number < 0: goto negative
if number % 2 == 0:
print "even"
else:
print "odd"
goto end
label: end
print "all done"
Here, there are two possible ways to arrive at the "end", and we can't know which one was chosen. As programs get large this kind of problem gets worse and results in spaghetti code
In comparison, below is how you would write this program in Python:
number = input()
if number >= 0:
if number % 2 == 0:
print "even"
else:
print "odd"
else:
print "negative"
print "all done"
I can look at a particular line of code, and know under what conditions it is met by tracing back the tree of if/then/else blocks it is in. For example, I know that the line print "odd" will be run when a ((number >= 0) == True) and ((number % 2 == 0) == False).
Hope this answer helps you!
If you want to learn Python proogramming language for Data Science then you can watch this complete video tutorial:
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