Once you import the data in Tableau, by default Tableau divides the whole data in to two categories like Dimensions and Measures. All the columns which are String, Geographical and Date time data type in nature comes under Dimensions. And all the columns which are numerical data type (integer, float) comes under measures. In other way you can see that Dimensions are the fields which can’t be aggregated but Measures are the fields which can be used for aggregation like sum, average, percentage etc. All the visualizations are highly depends on structure of Dimensions and Measures, if by default any field comes under Dimension but you know that it is Measure then you can change that field to Measure by just select that dimension and click on change to Measure. Similarly you can change Measure to Dimension also.
If you want to learn more about dimension and measure check Tableau Certification Training Course.
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