I think you can download the parish boundaries from the {sf} package format. After that you will be then able to apply the function
sf::st_centroid()
The above function expects as an argument: a projected spatial object so you can use sf::st_transform() to project from one CRS to another.
If you are a beginner and want to know more about R then do check out the R programming course that will help you in understanding R from scratch.