Follow these steps to install and configure single-node Hadoop in Ubuntu:
Step 1 - Download Hadoop binary package
Step 2 - Unpack the package
Step 3 - Install Hadoop native IO binary
Step 4 - (Optional) Java JDK installation
Step 5 - Configure environment variables
Step 6 - Configure Hadoop
For in-detail step-by-step installation of Hadoop, check this blog on Hadoop Installation by Intellipaat.
Also, enroll in this big data hadoop course and learn from industry professionals.