What does Artificial Intelligence consist of, except Machine Learning?

Question

Could someone tell me what does Artificial Intelligence consist of, except Machine Learning?

Answer 1

Machine learning is today the most visible form of AI including deep learning.

However AI is an old subject dealing with the notion of all elements endowing intelligent behavior. Several branches of AI exist beyond ML including but not limited to:

Philosophical Logic

Knowledge Representation

Reasoning and Inference

Expert Systems and Diagnosis

Games

Intelligent Search

Multi Agent Systems

Optimization, Planning and Constraint Satisfaction

Natural Language Processing

Speech Processing

Computer vision - Image and Video