Global Senior Leadership Program with specialization in CMO/CHRO/COO/CFO

Dr. Rameshwar Ture earned his Ph.D from Department of Management, IIT Madras in 2015. He has completed a Masters degree in Human Resource Development and Management from IIT Kharagpur and Aeronautical Engineering degree from AeSI, New Delhi. Over the years, he has taught subjects such as Human Resource Management, Leadership, Organizational Design, HR Analytics, Conflict Management and Negotiations, and Learning and Development to MBA, MBA (Analytics) students and executive MBA participants. He has taught Research Methodology in Management, Foundations in Social Science Research, Seminar on HRM, Seminar on HRD, and Seminar on Sustainable HRM for doctoral candidates. Dr. Ture has provided training for both public sector and private sector organizations such as Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Defence Research and Development Organization, Life Insurance Corporation, V Guard, THDC etc. He is involved in conducting executive education and MDP sessions to middle and senior executives. Dr. Ture has been involved with New Delhi-based CII-ITC Centre for Excellence for Sustainable Development (CESD) as a business sustainability assessor for best sustainable company award since 2014. He is a recipient of the best sustainability assessor award from CII-ITC CESD.

Dr. Brijesh Kumar Mishra is an Assistant Professor in the Finance and Accounting area at IIM Ranchi. Prior to joining IIM Ranchi, he served over 22 years in public service as a Provident Fund Commissioner. He has also been associated with leading institutions as visiting faculty, including IIM Rohtak (EPGP), IIM Shillong (EPGP), and the Symbiosis School of Economics, where he taught MSc participants specializing in finance. His teaching spans Corporate Finance, Investment Management, International Finance, Derivatives and Risk Management, Public Finance, and Actuarial Mathematics. Over the years, Dr. Mishra has developed strong expertise in courses related to finance, retirement systems, actuarial models, and financial markets. His research primarily focuses on banking and financial intermediation, financial literacy, retirement and pension financing, and actuarial and financial modeling of retirement systems. His current work examines the role of discretionary retirement benefit expenses in firm performance and explores how financial literacy contributes to social protection. He has published several research papers in reputed national and international journals. His work covers areas such as pension fund intermediation, ownership structure and bank performance, India’s economic history, and behavioral finance—particularly financial risk tolerance across market cycles. Dr. Mishra continues to contribute actively to academia through his research, teaching, and participation in conferences.

Rojers P Joseph is an Associate Professor in the Area of Strategy & Entrepreneurship. He has more than 20 years of professional experience, nearly 10 years of which he has spent as faculty at IIMs. In addition to the core courses in Strategy and Entrepreneurship, he has taught electives such as Strategic Tools and Techniques, Design Thinking and Innovation, Corporate Governance & Social Responsibility, and International Business Management. He has designed and delivered Management Development Programmes and offered consultancy services for numerous private and public sector organizations such as Indian Oil Corporation, Asian Paints, Canara Bank, Mahindra, and NTPC Mining Limited. E-governance, Entrepreneur Diversity & Innovation, Business Models in a Digital/Knowledge Economy, and Sustainability are the topics that Dr. Joseph finds particularly interesting. A number of his research articles have appeared in renowned, highly-regarded journals, and he has written several business case studies published by reputed case repositories like Ivey and Emerald.

Dr. Varun Elembilassery, currently an Assistant Professor in OB & HR at IIM Ranchi, holds a Ph.D. in HRM from XLRI Jamshedpur and a B.Tech from MANIT Bhopal. With over 12 years of teaching experience, his background encompasses roles in both academia and industry, including positions at TAPMI-Manipal and IIM Sambalpur. Dr. Elembilassery’s research interests revolve around Macro HRM and Contextual HRM, with a focus on Learning & Education and HRM & Sustainability. He has contributed extensively to the field, publishing research articles and case studies in reputed journals and repositories. Additionally, he has conducted management development programs for organizations such as Coal India and Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. His multidimensional expertise and dedication to research enrich the academic landscape at IIM Ranchi, fostering a culture of learning and innovation.

Prof. Anupriya Khan, Ph.D. from IIM Kozhikode, specializes in Information Systems & Business Analytics. Her research focuses on e-government, social media, and ICT adoption, with publications in top journals like International Journal of Information Management and Technological Forecasting & Social Change. An award-winning academic, she is recognized for her contributions at global conferences like ICIS and PACIS. Prof. Khan’s teaching spans data management and technology’s impact on business and society, making her a valuable resource for learners seeking expertise in these areas.

Prof. Renjith R specializes in Economics with a focus on Economic Geography, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and Industrial Economics. His research has been published in national and international journals, including the Journal of Policy Modeling and Economic and Political Weekly. He teaches courses in Microeconomics, Industrial Economics, and International Finance & Trade. Dr. Renjith’s work examines the impact of FDI on institutional change, productivity in manufacturing, and the relationship between industrial agglomeration and firm performance.

Dr. Angshuman Hazarika teaches business law and ethics as an assistant professor at IIM Ranchi in India. Prior to this, Angshuman held a research associate position at Saarland University in Germany and had experience working for a prestigious Indian law firm. He received the DAAD’s Angela Merkel Scholarship to pursue his Master’s at the Europa-Institute in Saarbrucken, Germany. His work has a particular focus on investment arbitration, particularly state-to-state arbitration, and the effects of investment arbitration on developing nations. His work also focused on international trade law and international investment law. Dr. Hazarika now teaches students in the fields of business ethics, legal aspects, and regulatory aspects. Presently, his research is primarily geared toward international trade and investment law, with a special focus on India. He is also actively working on alternative dispute resolution in businesses and social security laws in India.

Dr. Shweta Jha, an Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi, brings a wealth of expertise in marketing management to her role. With a Ph.D. in Marketing from IIM Indore and an MBA from IIIT Gwalior, she specializes in Consumer Psychology & Behaviour, E-Commerce, and more. Dr. Jha’s research interests span areas such as Consumer Psychology, Self-Control, Behavioral Pricing, and Judgment and decision making. She has a rich teaching experience, having taught subjects like Pricing, Marketing Research, and Experimental Research Design. Dr. Jha’s contributions to academia include publications in prestigious journals and presentations at national and international conferences.

Dr. Divya Khurana is a distinguished Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi in the Humanities and Applied Sciences area. She earned her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, and her Ph.D. from the Department of Mathematics and Statistics at IIT Kanpur, focusing on complemented subspaces of classical Banach spaces. With postdoctoral experience from ISI Kolkata, NISER Bhubaneswar, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, and IISc Bangalore, Dr. Khurana joined IIM Ranchi in March 2022. Her research interests include greedy-type approximation algorithms and the geometry of normed linear spaces. Currently, she is exploring various notions of orthogonality in these spaces. Dr. Khurana has taught courses in Analysis and Functional Analysis, bringing her expertise and dedication to her students. Her research has been recognized internationally, contributing significantly to the field of mathematics and statistics. Dr. Khurana’s proficiency extends to advanced mathematical techniques, enriching both academic and professional realms.

Prof. (Dr.) Satyam is currently an assistant professor in the marketing department at IIM Ranchi. He graduated from Delhi College of Engineering (now DTU) with a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering and from IIM Lucknow with a PhD in Marketing. His research interests include retailing, rural marketing, bottom-of-the-pyramid (BOP) markets, and marketing in underdeveloped contexts. He spent four years as a marketing faculty member with the Jindal Global Business School at O. P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, before joining IIM Ranchi. He has two years of professional experience working for Fortune 500 company Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL). He has provided training for numerous businesses, such as Indian Oil Corporation Limited and Coal India Limited. He has written numerous journal articles and book chapters that have appeared in foreign publications. Additionally, he has presented his work at a number of regional, national, and international conferences.

Dr. Ankur Jha is an assistant professor in the area of Marketing at the Indian Institute of Management, Ranchi. He graduated from the Indian Institute of Management in Lucknow with a Ph.D. in marketing management. He has written articles for peer-reviewed publications like the European Journal of Marketing, the Journal of Cleaner Production, the Journal of Social Marketing, and the Social Responsibility Journal. He has also delivered a number of conference presentations. His areas of interest in research include sustainable development, CSR, and customer relationship management. He now teaches students customer relationship management at IIM Ranchi. His areas of research are corporate social responsibility and social marketing. His research also places special emphasis on sustainability in business and marketing.

Subhro Sarkar teaches marketing as an assistant professor at the Indian Institute of Management in Ranchi, India. He oversees the Digital Communications and Website Committee at IIM Ranchi. He pursued his Ph.D. at the Indian Institute of Management in Rohtak, India, in the field of marketing. He also has a Bachelor of Technology degree from the National Institute of Technology in Agartala, India. He teaches courses in business research methods, digital marketing, experimental design, and structural equation modeling, among other subjects. At the Indian Institute of Management, Sirmaur, he served as a visiting faculty member and taught the course on Digital and Social Media Marketing. His studies concentrate on retailing, online and mobile retailing, online travel, and consumer behavior. Journals like the International Journal of Information Management, the Journal of Business Research, the International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, the Journal of Information Technology & Tourism, and the International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, among others, have published his research in reputable journals.

Professor Prasenjit Chakrabarti, FPM, teaches accounting and finance courses at the Indian Institute of Management Ranchi. His doctoral studies were completed at the Indian Institute of Management in Indore. Additionally, he served as a visiting research scholar at Deakin University in Australia’s Faculty of Business and Law. He has five years of academic experience, including research, teaching, training, MDPs, and FDPs at IIM Ranchi and other institutions of national significance. Prasenjit spent seven years working in industry before entering academia. He has over six years of experience working for PwC (in consulting practices) and about a year at IBM. He has a number of internationally cited publications to his name. Additionally, he has presented his research papers at numerous national and international conferences. He graduated from Jadavpur University in India with a B.Sc. and a B.Tech. He has also served as a visiting professor at a number of MBA and executive management programs, including those at IIM Vishakhapatnam and IIM Sirmaur. He has taken on numerous leadership positions in academic administration, including those of Chairperson of Accreditation (AACSB), Chairperson of Admissions, and Chairperson of numerous committees.

Dr. Amit Sachan, an Associate Professor at IIM Ranchi, holds eminent academic credentials and brings on the board more than 17 years of professional experience. He availed B.Tech degree from IIT Roorkee and afterward took a Ph. D. from MDI Gurgaon under the specialisation in Operations Management. Dr. Sachan has solid expertise not only in the Business Statistics, Operations Research, Operations Management, and Service Operations Management but also in various other domains within Operations Management. He is an effective tutor and consultant, combining the three domains of Operations Management, Project Management, and Supply Chain Management. The main areas of Dr. Sachan’s research focus on Service Operations Management and Supply Chain Management, which reemphasize his dedication to the development of these disciplines. He as a committed professional is the member of the management group of operational managements of India and all the time he has been involved in the process of sharing ideas and the best practices with others in the industry. Dr. Sachan’s multi-dimensional ability, along with his research and teaching inclinations, is a great advantage to IIM Ranchi`s academic process.

Dr. Sasadhar Bera is an esteemed Associate Professor at IIM Ranchi, boasting a rich academic journey and extensive industry experience. With a B.E. from NIT Durgapur and an M.Tech from ISI Calcutta specializing in Quality, Reliability, and Operations Research, Dr. Bera has honed his expertise in various facets of data analytics and machine learning. His Ph.D. from IIT Bombay further solidifies his standing as a distinguished scholar in the field. Dr. Bera’s research contributions, showcased in prestigious international journals like EJOR and IJPR, highlight his proficiency in business data modeling, healthcare management, carbon energy management, and process optimization. Additionally, his industry stint spanning eight years encompasses manufacturing and business analytics, enriching his practical insights. A dedicated educator and mentor, Dr. Bera has supervised several doctoral students and conducted numerous training programs in data analytics, process quality improvement, and risk management. His multifaceted skill set and commitment to research and education make him a valuable asset to the academic community at IIM Ranchi.

Dr. Arnab Adhikari, an Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi, brings a wealth of experience and expertise in Operations Management. With a Ph.D. from IIM Calcutta and a B.Tech from NIT Durgapur, he has spent over 12 years honing his skills. Dr. Adhikari’s research interests encompass economic modeling in operations management, supply chain coordination, pricing strategies, and green supply chain, among others. His contributions to academia include numerous publications in esteemed international journals and awards for his research excellence, including Best Paper awards at international conferences. At IIM Ranchi, he imparts knowledge in postgraduate courses such as Supply Chain Management and Operations Management, along with doctoral courses like Production Planning and Inventory Control. Dr. Adhikari’s dedication to teaching and research makes him a valuable asset to the academic community.

Dr. Shipli Saxena, an Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi, brings a wealth of expertise in marketing to her role. With a Ph.D. in Marketing from IIT Madras, completed in 2023, she specializes in Services Marketing, Services Design Thinking, and Marketing with AI. Dr. Saxena’s research interests include AI in Customer Service, Product Returns Service Management, and Customer Journey and Experience Design. As an Assistant Professor (Grade – II), she contributes actively to academia, leveraging her knowledge and experience to enrich the learning experience of her students at IIM Ranchi.

Dr. Jagan Kumar Sur, an Assistant Professor in Finance & Accounting at IIM Ranchi, brings extensive knowledge and experience to his role. With a Ph.D. in Finance & Accounting from IIM Raipur and an M.Phil. & M.Com. from Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, he specializes in Financial Accounting and Management Accounting. Dr. Sur’s research interests include Corporate Governance, Corporate Debt Maturity, and ESG Reporting. He has made significant contributions to academia, with his research published in reputable journals like the International Review of Finance and International Journal of Managerial Finance. Dr. Sur is also recognized for his teaching excellence, covering subjects such as Financial Reporting and Analysis, Bank Management, and Global Corporate Governance.

Dr. Deepak Kumar, an Assistant Professor in Finance & Accounting at IIM Ranchi, brings a wealth of expertise to his role. With a Ph.D. in Finance & Accounting from IIM Shillong and a PGDM from IIM Indore, he specializes in subjects like Financial Accounting, Cost Accounting, and Corporate Finance. Dr. Kumar’s research interests span Corporate Finance, Applied Finance, Mergers and Acquisitions, and International Business. He has previously served as an Assistant Professor at the School of Business, UPES, Dehradun. Dr. Kumar’s academic journey includes a B.Tech from NIT Patna, further enriching his understanding of financial concepts and practices.

Kamran Quddus, currently a professor at IIM Ranchi, is an expert in Finance & Accounting. With a Ph.D. from IIM Calcutta and an Integrated M.Sc. from IIT Kharagpur, he specializes in Asset Pricing, Market Microstructure, and Behavioral Finance. Kamran has extensive experience at Verity Knowledge Solutions and is affiliated with the Institute of Actuaries of India. His research interests encompass Behavioral Finance and Investments, and he has received prestigious awards like the NSE-NYU Stern Research Grant and the CRISIL Doctoral Consortium Best Paper Award. He has contributed to notable publications and conferences, including Springer and the Academy of Behavioral Finance & Economics. Kamran’s dedication to advancing financial knowledge is evident in his work, reflecting his commitment to excellence in academia.

Dr. Manish Bansal, an esteemed Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi in Accounting and Finance, holds a Ph.D. from IIM Kashipur and a Gold Medal from Guru Nanak Dev University. His research explores IFRS, Earnings Quality, and CSR in emerging markets. Dr. Bansal’s contributions include presenting research papers at prestigious conferences and publishing in renowned accounting journals. He teaches courses on Financial Reporting, Managerial Accounting, and Financial Markets, emphasizing experiential learning. With expertise in Panel data regression Modeling and other advanced techniques, he enriches Management Development and Faculty Development Programs. Dr. Bansal’s commitment to excellence in academia is reflected in his multifaceted approach to teaching and research.

Dr. Tanusree Dutta, an Associate Professor in the OB/HR department at IIM Ranchi, holds a Ph.D. from IIT Kharagpur and boasts over 13 years of teaching experience. Her research spans Experimental Neuropsychology, Positive Psychology, and Quality of Life, with notable contributions to academia through publications and books. Dr. Dutta’s teaching interests encompass Organizational Behavior, Learning and Development, and Neuromanagement. With a passion for both research and teaching, she brings valuable insights and expertise to the academic community at IIM Ranchi. Her dedication to exploring topics such as Neuropsychology, Positive Psychology, and Accidents reflects her commitment to advancing knowledge in these fields. With a Gold Medalist M.A. from B.H.U, Dr. Dutta’s academic journey is marked by excellence and a deep understanding of human behavior and cognition.

Dr. Sudhanshu Shekhar, serving as Assistant Professor in OB & HR at IIM Ranchi, earned his Ph.D. in Organizational Behavior from IIM Calcutta and completed his B.Tech in Computer Science from BIT Mesra, Ranchi. With over three years of industry experience in analytics and banking at Deloitte and HSBC, he brings practical insights to academia. Dr. Shekhar’s research interests span institutional theory, business history, and the philosophy of research, contributing to macro organizational behavior. His teaching portfolio includes Organization Development and Change, Entrepreneurship, Organization Theory, and Philosophy of Research. By bridging academia and industry, Dr. Shekhar enriches the learning experience, nurturing future leaders at IIM Ranchi with a holistic understanding of organizational dynamics and research methodologies.

Dr. Virajanand Varma, currently serving as Assistant Professor in OB & HR at IIM Ranchi, earned his Ph.D. in Management from Auburn University, complemented by over 17 years of teaching experience. With extensive industry exposure spanning power plant operations, project management, software development, and change management consulting, he brings practical insights to academia. Dr. Varma is a certified SPHR, SHRM-SCP, and PROSCI Certified Change Practitioner, actively contributing to professional networks like the Academy of Management, OD Network, National HRD Network, and Society for Human Resource Management. His teaching repertoire includes Organization Development and Change, Organizational Structure and Design, Performance Management, Employer Branding, and Leadership. Dr. Varma’s research interests encompass organizational change, middle managers, diversity and inclusion, strategizing activities, leadership, and management education, reflecting his commitment to advancing knowledge in the field.

Nitin Singh, a Professor at IIM Ranchi, brings a wealth of industry experience from KPMG, Hexaware, GE Capital, among others. With a Ph.D. in Management from IIM Bangalore, he’s a prolific author and presenter, specializing in Data Analytics, AI, and Big Data solutions. Throughout his career, Nitin has been involved in projects spanning data analytics, AI, and big data, collaborating closely with clients to design actionable solutions. He has actively contributed to prestigious publications and presented papers at numerous international conferences. At IIM Ranchi, Nitin imparts knowledge in Operations Management, Data Analytics with Python, Spreadsheet Modeling, Supply Chain Analytics with Python, and Big Data. His current research interests encompass Data Analytics, Supply Chain Management, Big Data, and Cybersecurity.

Dr. Tuhin Sengupta, an Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi, holds a Ph.D. in Operations Management & Quantitative Techniques from IIM Indore. With teaching expertise in Operations Research, Business Statistics, and Operations Management, he brings a rich blend of academic and industry experience. Before joining IIM Ranchi, he served as faculty at the Goa Institute of Management and gained industry exposure at L&T Construction. His research interests encompass Supply Chain Management, Disruptive Technology, and Subsistence Markets, with a focus on Sustainable Development Goals. Dr. Sengupta actively engages in exploring topics like Responsible Supply Chain, Supply Chain Resilience, and Sustainability. His administrative roles include serving as the AACSB Coordinator and being a member of accreditation and library committees.

Dr. Rajeev Ranjan Kumar, an Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi, brings a wealth of industrial experience spanning 18 years in automotive operations. With a background in Manufacturing Engineering and Operations Management, he excels in areas like Quality Management Systems, Supply Chain Management, and Lean Six Sigma. As a fellow of XLRI-Jamshedpur, he has garnered accolades for his outstanding contributions. Dr. Kumar’s research interests encompass electric and autonomous vehicles, supply chain design, sustainability, blockchain, and big data analytics. His work has been published in esteemed journals such as Transportation Research Part E and Energy Economics. Currently, he focuses on topics like government policies facilitating electric vehicle adoption and developing charging ecosystems to address consumer range anxiety. Dr. Kumar’s expertise extends to areas like Quality Management Systems, Six Sigma methodology, and Inventory and Supply Chain Management, making him a valuable asset in both academia and industry.

Dr. Santosh Kumar Prusty is currently working as an Assistant Professor at IIM Ranchi. He is a distinguished scholar and educator with extensive academic and administrative experience. Holding a PhD from IIT Kharagpur in System Dynamics and Strategy, he has served at esteemed institutions such as IIM Shillong and XIM University, Bhubaneswar. Prof. Prusty’s expertise lies in system thinking and meta-level modeling of complex business phenomena and strategies. His research, focused on (re)inventing sustainable business models and the Complex View of Organizations and Strategy, has been published in prestigious international journals and presented at renowned conferences. He has led research projects sponsored by ministries and collaborated with state PSUs and international organizations like IUCN. Prof. Prusty’s dedication to knowledge dissemination extends to conducting Management Development Programs for executives and guest research stints abroad. With a passion for teaching, writing, and researching case studies, he continues to make significant contributions to the field of Strategic Management.

Dr. Shiwangi Singh is currently working as an Assistant Professor in Strategy & Entrepreneurship at IIM Ranchi. She is a distinguished scholar with a Ph.D. from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. Her academic excellence is evident from her gold medal achievements in both undergraduate and postgraduate studies. Dr. Singh’s research skill has garnered international recognition, with her papers selected for presentation at esteemed conferences like the Academy of International Business (AIB) and Strategic Management Society (SMS). She has made significant contributions to the field through publications in renowned journals such as Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Asia Pacific Business Review, and International Business Review. Dr. Singh’s research interests focus on strategic management, innovation, digitalization, implementation strategies, and emerging technologies, reflecting her commitment to exploring cutting-edge concepts in the field. With her blend of academic achievements and research contributions, she continues to be a driving force in advancing knowledge in Strategic Management.

Dr. Swarup Kumar Dutta currently working as an Associate Professor at IIM Ranchi, is a seasoned professional in Strategic Management with a remarkable tenure of 16 years in academia and 13 years in diverse industries including metals, automotive, and FMCG. He is renowned for his scholarly contributions, having presented research papers at prestigious conferences such as the Strategic Management Society and the Academy of Management. Dr. Dutta’s prolific research output includes publications in top-tier journals and the development of insightful case studies. With a keen emphasis on bridging theory and practice, he brings a rich blend of industry insights into the classroom, enriching the learning experience for students. Dr. Dutta’s expertise spans a wide array of strategic management subjects, ranging from Models and Frameworks of Strategic Analysis to Corporate Strategy and International Business Management. His commitment to academic excellence and industry relevance makes him a valuable asset to the field of Strategic Management.

Dr. Rohit Kumar, Asst. Professor at IIM Ranchi holds a PhD in Strategic Management from IIFT, New Delhi. With a PhD from IIFT, New Delhi, and an MBA in Healthcare Management from IIHMR, Jaipur, he boasts 11 years of industry experience. Prof. Kumar has excelled as a Guest Faculty at esteemed institutions like IIM Sirmaur, IIFT, and IIHMR, where he coordinated strategic management modules and healthcare-related courses. Additionally, he has contributed as a Visiting Faculty at IIHMR, Jaipur, and New Delhi, shaping the curriculum for MBA students. He holds an AMT accreditation by AIMA and serves in leadership roles, including President of the IIC at IIM Ranchi. Prof. Kumar’s research interests span strategic management, core competencies, and entrepreneurship, reflecting his commitment to academia and industry advancement.

Ambuj Anand, Asst. Professor at IIM Ranchi has specialization in Information Systems & Business Analytics. With a background in Electrical Engineering and experience at Tata Consultancy Services, his focus is on e-Governance. With a B.Tech. in Electrical Engineering from Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, and three years of industry experience at Tata Consultancy Services, he brings a wealth of practical knowledge to academia. Having earned his Doctoral Degree from IIM Calcutta, Prof. Anand’s expertise lies in teaching Information Systems, IT and Business Innovation, and e-Governance. He excels in training and consulting, particularly in strategic planning of Information Systems, e-Governance, and impact assessment of IT projects. Prof. Anand is a life member of the Computer Society of India, demonstrating his commitment to professional development in the field. With a dedication to excellence in both academia and industry, he is shaping future leaders in Information Systems while driving innovation in business practices.