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Scala Traits - A Comprehensive Guide

What are Scala Traits?

Traits are abstract classes that are meant to be added to some other class. A trait adds some methods or fields to an unknown parent class. It encapsulates field and method definitions which can be reused by adding them into classes. Unlike class inheritance in which each class must inherit from just one superclass whereas a class can mix in any number of traits. A trait defines the object types by specifying the signature of the supported methods.

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e.g.

trait IntegerSet {
def incl(x: Int): IntSet
def contains(x: Int): Boolean
}
class EmptySet extends IntegerSet {
def contains(x: Int): Boolean = false
def incl(x: Int): IntSet = new NonEmptySet(x, new EmptySet, new EmptySet)
}

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One trait can also extend another trait like as follows:

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e.g.

trait Almirah {
def canOpen(p: Person) : Boolean =
return true
def canPass(p: Person) : Boolean =
return true
}
trait Locked extends Almirah {
override def canOpen(p: Person): Boolean = {
if (!p.hasItem(theKey)) {
println("You don't have the Key")
return false
}
println("Using key...")
return super.canOpen(p)
}
}

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About the Author

Technical Research Analyst - Data Engineering

Abhijit is a Technical Research Analyst specializing in Deep Learning. He holds a degree in Computer Science with a focus on Data Science. Being proficient in Python, Scala, C++, Dart, and R, he is passionate about new-age technologies. Abhijit crafts insightful analyses and impactful content, bridging the gap between cutting-edge research and practical applications.