What are Pointers in C
It is a variable which is used to store the address of another variable.
Advantages of pointer
- Return multiple values from function
- Access any memory location
- Improves the performance
- Reduces the code
- Used for dynamic memory allocation
- Used in arrays, functions and structures
| Symbol | Name | Description |
| & | address of operator | Determines the address of a variable. |
| * | indirection operator | Accesses the value at the address. |
Example
#include <stdio.h><br>
#include <conio.h><br>
void main(){<br>
clrscr();<br>
int n=50;<br>
int *p; //declaration of pointer<br>
p=&n; //stores the address of number variable<br>
printf("Address of n variable is %x n",&n);<br>
printf("Address of p variable is %x n",p);<br>
printf("Value of p variable is %d n",*p);<br>
getch();<br>
}<br>
Output
Address of n variable is fff4
Address of p variable is fff4
Value of p variable is 50
Dynamic memory allocation in C
Dynamic memory allocation means to allocate the memory at run time. Dynamic memory allocation is possible by 4 functions of stdlib.h header file.
- malloc()
- calloc()
- realloc()
- free()
| malloc() | Allocates single block of requested memory. |
| calloc() | Allocates multiple block of requested memory. |
| realloc() | Reallocates the memory occupied by malloc() or calloc() functions. |
| free() | Frees the dynamically allocated memory. |
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