GIT Cheat Sheet

Git User Handbook

The Git cheat sheet presented in this DevOps tutorial is designed for those who have an interest in learning file management using Git as a tool. This cheat sheet will be a handy reference not only when you learn Git but when you start working with it too. Don’t worry if you are a beginner and have no idea about how Git works. Intellipaat’s Git cheat sheet will give you a quick reference to the basics that you must know.

What is Git?

Git is a DevOps tool that is used as a version-control system for tracking the changes happening in system files and coordinating the work on those files among a group of people. In the software development field, Git is used in source code management and for tracking the changes made in any file.

Git is a distributed version control and source code management system with an emphasis on speed.
It is a repository used to manage projects, the set of files, as they change over time.
Using Git, every code change or commit we make gets updated in the development code of a project.

Be ready for the industry by going through these Top DevOps Interview Questions and Answers!

Watch this Git Tutorial for Beginners video:

Learn for free ! Subscribe to our youtube Channel.

Process Flow

It shows the process flow with components used to perform certain tasks:

Plan: It can be created or deleted by itself based on the updates in the source repository.
Code: It is the statement written to perform a task in a repository.
Shared repository: It is the repository that is shared among several members in order to perform a task.
Continuous integration: It helps in updating a repository with the changes made in the code and provides integration with the changes, time to time.
Build: It is used to manually build products and dependencies to Git.
Configuration management: It is a process of tracking and controlling the changes made in a system.
Deploy: Deploy is the process of pushing the code to a remote server.

Version Control

Version control is the management of changes made to the code, documents, programs, large sites, and other information. The changes are termed as versions.

A version control system (VCS) is used to perform the following:

It allows developers to work simultaneously.
VCS does not allow overwriting each other’s changes.
It maintains a history of every version.

There are two types of version control systems:

Centralized VCS
Distributed VCS

Our DevOps tool, Git falls under the category of distributed VCS.

Life Cycle

Become a master of DevOps by enrolling in this online DevOps Training in London!

Git and GitHub

Git is a VCS that supports distributed nonlinear workflows by providing data assurance for developing quality software.

Its features are as follows:

Distributed: A distributed development of code
Compatible: Works with existing systems and protocols
Non-linear: Allows the non-linear development of code
Branching: Easy to create and merge branches
Lightweight: Lossless compression
Speed: Faster than the remote repository
Open-source: A free tool and hence economical
Reliable: Not viable to any loss of data upon crashes
Secure: Uses SHA1 and checksum

Git Operations and Commands

Git Configuration

For the initial configuration of username, email, and code highlighting (optional):

$git config -- global user.name”firstname lastname”
$git config -- global user.email” [email protected]”
$git config -- global color.ui true (enables code highlights)
$git config --list

Initializing Git

To initialize:

$git init

To know the status:

$git status

Adding and Removing Files

To add a file:

$git add<filename>

To add multiple files:

$git add<filename> <2nd filename> <3rd filename>

To add all the updated files:

$git add --all ( use -A instead of -all too )

To remove files:

$git rm -r <filename>

Committing Changes

To pass a message, use ‘commit’ with ‘-m’:

$git commit -m “body_of_message”

To amend the last commit or the last message:

$git commit --amend -m “new_message”

Learn DevOps from Intellipaat’s DevOps Training in Sydney to boost your career!

Pushing and Pulling

Here, a remote repository typically represents a remote server or a Git server.

To create a remote repository via GitHub, go to:

https://github.com/YourUsername/appname.git

To add a link:

$git remote add origin<link>

To push files:

$git push -u origin master

To clone files:

$git clone <clone>

Branching and Merging

Command	Description
git branch	To list branches
git branch -a	To list all the branches
git branch [branch name]	To create a new branch
git branch -d [branch name]	To delete a branch
git push origin –delete [branchName]	To delete a remote branch
git checkout -b [branch name]	To create a new branch and switch to it
git checkout -b [branch name] origin/[branch name]	To clone a remote branch and switch to it
git checkout [branch name]	To switch to a branch
git checkout –	To switch to the branch last checked out
git checkout — [file-name.txt]	To discard the changes made to a file
git merge [branch name]	To merge a branch into an active branch
git stash	To stash the changes in a dirty working directory
git stash clear	To remove all the stashed entries

Sharing and Updating Projects

Command	Description
git push origin [branch name]	To push a branch to a remote repository
git push -u origin [branch name]	To push the changes made to a remote repository (-u remembers the branch for the next use)
git push origin –delete [branch name]	To delete a remote branch
git pull	To update a local repository to the newest commit
git pull origin [branch name]	To pull the changes from a remote repository
git remote add origin ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	To add a remote repository
git remote set-url origin ssh://[email protected]/[username]/[repository-name].git	To set a repository’s origin branch to SSH

Interested in grabbing an industry-recognized DevOps certification? Intellipaat’s DevOps Course in Bangalore is just designed for you!

Inspection and Comparison

Command	Description
git log	To view the changes made
View changes	To view changes (in detail)
git diff [source branch] [target branch}	To preview changes before merging

Intellipaat’s comprehensive DevOps Training would help you be a certified DevOps Engineer!

Previous Next